Mavambo Ezvinhu Zvinochinja-chinja Utsi Hwepanzvimbo Zvakakweshwa

Mavambo Ezvinhu Zvinochinja-chinja Utsi Hwepanzvimbo Zvakakweshwa

Kutanga nekukura kwezvishandiso zvinopisa pamusoro pemvura zvakakweshwa zvinogona kuteverwa kumashure kusvika pakutanga kwezana remakore rechi20. Kugadzirwa kwazvo hakuna kubudirira kamwe chete asi kwaive mhinduro kune zvaisagona kuitwa nezvishandiso zvinopisa zvechinyakare pakushandisa zvinhu zvakasiyana.

Mavambo Ekutanga: 1920s - 1930s

Pfungwa uye dhizaini yekutanga yezvinoshandiswa pakupisa pamusoro pemvura zvakakweshwa zvakanyanya zvakagadzirwa munguva iyi, zvichikonzerwa neindasitiri yezvekudya, kunyanya mukugadzirwa kwemajarini neaizikirimu.

1. Matambudziko Anofanira Kugadziriswa:

o Zvinhu Zvinopisa Zvikuru: Zvinhu zvakaita sebhota, musanganiswa weaizikirimu, uye jamu zvinopisa zvakanyanya uye hazvifambi zvakanaka mumachubhu echinyakare kana maplate heat exchangers, zvinovhara nyore nyore uye zvinoita kuti kupisa kusashande zvakanaka.

o Kunzwa Kweganda: Kuumbwa kwemakristaro emafuta kana makristaro echando muzvinhu izvi kunoda kudzorwa kwakanyatsojeka. Kutonhorera kwakanyanya kana kusina kuenzana kunogona kukonzera kuumbwa kwakashata uye kuravira kusina kunaka.

o Kusvibisa uye Kubika: Zvinhu zvine shuga kana mapuroteni zvinowanzooma uye kupfava panzvimbo dzinodziya, kwete kungokanganisa kutamiswa kwekupisa chete asiwo zvichikonzera kuora kwechigadzirwa uye kuoma kwekuchenesa michina.

2. Vatungamiriri muTekinoroji:

Imwe yemapatent ekutanga ezvishandiso zvekupisa pamusoro pemvura zvakakweshwa inogona kuteverwa kumashure kusvika kuma1920 kusvika kumavambo ema1930. Semuenzaniso, munenge muna 1928, mainjiniya eGerhard Company muGermany (yakazova chikamu cheAPV Group) vakashanda nesimba mundima iyi.

Mumwe munhu akakosha aive CO (Charlie) Linn, uyo akagadzira mudziyo wekutanga wekupisa pamusoro pevhu wakabudirira mukutengeserana wechikamu cheVotator cheGirdler Corporation muUnited States (kubvira muna 1933 kusvika 1935). Mudziyo uyu wakagadzirwa pakutanga kuti ugare uchigadzirwa margarine. Zita rekuti "Votator" rakatozoshandiswa semuchina wekupisa pamusoro wakakweshwa kwenguva yakareba.

Pfungwa Dzitsva dzeKushanda

Dhizaini huru yezvishandiso zvinopisa pamusoro pemvura zvakakweshwa zvinogadzirisa matambudziko ari pamusoro apa neunyanzvi:

• Kukwesha: Mukati mesirinda yekuchinjana kwekupisa, rotor ine zvikwesha inotenderera nekukurumidza. Zvikwesha, pasi pesimba re centrifugal kana masprings, zvinonamatira pamadziro esirinda, zvichigara zvichikwesha firimu remukati memadziro.

• Mabhenefiti Makuru Mana:

1. Kuramba Uchivandudza Nzvimbo Inotamisirwa Kupisa: Kunodzivirira kunamira kwezvinhu uye kusvibisa, zvichiita kuti kupisa kushande zvakanaka.

2. Kusanganisa uye Kucheka Zvakafanana: Zvinoita kuti chinhu chose chidziye uye chitonhore zvakaenzana uye zvinopa simba rekuchekerera rinodzorwa, izvo zvakakosha pakuita kwekristaro (sekuumba mafuta uye kugadzira ice crystal).

3. Kubata Kusviba Kwakanyanya: Kukwenya nekusunda kwemuchina kunoigonesa kubata mvura dzakapfava, dzine kirimu, uye dzakakora dzisingabatwe nemidziyo yemazuva ano yekuchinjana kupisa.

4. Nguva Yokugara Ipfupi Zvikuru: Chinhu ichi chinopfuura nemuchina unochinja kupisa mufirimu yakatetepa, zvichiita kuti chikwanise kushandiswa nezvinhu zvinonzwa kupisa uye zvichiwedzera kuchengetedza kunaka kwechigadzirwa, ruvara, uye kudya kunovaka muviri.

Kubudirira uye Kufarirwa kwevanhu

• 1940s - 1950s: Nekukurumidza kwekugadzirwa kwechikafu Hondo Yenyika II isati yatanga uye yapera, zvinhu zvinochinja-chinja kupisa pamusoro pevhu zvakabviswa zvakakurumidza kushandiswa mumaindasitiri emukaka, jamu, uye muto. Kuomesa ice cream nguva dzose kwaive chimwe chinhu chakakosha.

• Kuma1960 kusvika Pari Zvino: Minda yavo yekushandisa yakawedzera kubva muindasitiri yezvekudya kusvika kumaindasitiri emakemikari, emishonga, epetrochemical, uye epurasitiki epolymer. Anoshandiswa kubata mvura dzakaoma dzakadai sepolymer melts, paraffin, asphalt, cosmetics, uye mishonga.

• Kufambira Mberi Kwetekinoroji: Michina yemazuva ano yekutsinhana kupisa pamusoro pechinhu yakakweshwa yakaita kufambira mberi kukuru muzvinhu (zvakadai sekushandisa machira akaoma anodzivirira kupera uye anodzivirira ngura), tekinoroji yekuvhara, kudzora otomatiki (kudzora tembiricha, kumanikidzwa, uye kumhanya kwakanyatsojeka), uye dhizaini yemodular.

Pfupiso

Kwakatangira chinoshandiswa kupisa chinokweshana chinogona kuwanikwa chaizvo muma1920 nema1930. Chakagadzirwa kuti chisangane nezvinodiwa zvekupisa nguva dzose, kutonhora, kucheneswa uye kucheneswa kwezvinhu zvine viscosity yakanyanya uye zvinonzwa kupisa muindasitiri yechikafu. Kugadzirwa kwacho kwaive chiitiko chakakosha munhoroondo yemidziyo yeindasitiri, kuwedzera basa re "kupisa" kusvika pakushanda pamwe chete kwe "kupisa kuchinjana uye kugadzira michina". Kusvika nhasi, ichiri kutamba basa risingatsiviwi muminda yakawanda yeindasitiri.